Este Destaque Rural pretende analisar as razões da persistência e agravamento da pobreza e das desigualdades sociais, das assimetrias territoriais entre províncias, entre o Sul e o Norte de Moçambique, e entre o meio rural e as cidades. Esta realidade acontece onde cerca de 70% da população vive no meio rural e cujos rendimentos provêm em mais de 70% da agricultura. A desnutrição crónica e aguda não recua significativamente. Os índices de prevalência de doenças continuam sendo dos mais elevados do mundo.

Northern Uganda is the scene of one of the world’s most volatile and spontaneous processes of reintegration. There are approximately 1.1 to 1.4 million people in the Acholi sub-region at the time of writing3 ; 295,000 internally-displaced persons (IDPs) remain displaced either in IDP camps or transit sites. Approximately 800,000 Acholis have already left the camps and spontaneously returned home over the last three years.

Conflict associated with land has increased substantially following the return of peace to the Acholi Region with the return of internally displaced people (IDP), population growth, and increases in the value of land. The area is heavily dependent on agriculture and conflict related to land access seriously threatens to undermine development and the social, political and economic stability of the Acholi Region. This study involved community members, key informants, and statutory and traditional leaders in three sub counties in each of the seven Acholi districts.

Food security in Uganda relies mainly on access to land and security of tenure. Land governance is marked by the contradiction between relatively progressive legislation and only partial implementation. Institutions that have to deal with land administration and land disputes, such as customary authority systems, local government, and special courts for land justice, have weakened in the last years. Women’s position with respect to land and inheritance also remains weak, both legally and in practice, undermining their livelihoods and status in society.

This guide has been written as an information resource for government officials, community leaders, humanitarian aid workers, judges, lawyers and others whose responsibilities include upholding land and property rights in Uganda. It outlines the main provisions of Uganda’s constitutional and legal framework and the protection these provide to property rights. It briefly outlines the historical background to existing land tenure relations, describes the constitutional provisions relating to land in the 1995 Constitution and sets out the main provisions of the Land Act 1998.

The ways in which people obtain land in Uganda are changing fast. Land that used to be secured through inheritance, gifts or proof of long-term occupancy is now more commonly changing hands in the market. Those with wealth and powerful connections are frequently able to override local rules and gain access to land at the expense of poorer individuals. Government-backed agribusiness investors receive large areas of land with benefits for some local farmers who are able to participate in the schemes, while other smallholders see their land access and livelihoods degraded.

The constitution and enabling legislation in Uganda, as in many other countries, empower the government to acquire land in the public interest. Under Ugandan law a person whose land is identified for a public purpose must be compensated fairly, promptly, and prior to the acquisition of the property.

This publication features the key provisions on land (governance) in recent relevant international frameworks including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs), the New Urban Agenda (Habitat III), the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security (VGGT), the Framework and Guidelines on Land Policy in Africa (F&G) and the Guiding Principles on Large- Scale Land-Based Investment in Africa (LSLBI Principles).

This report synthesizes and discusses the findings of a series of self-assessments of the land governance1 situation in Brazil conducted entirely by knowledgeable Brazilians using a standardized indicator-based diagnostic assessment instrument. The findings, therefore, represent the perception of local experts based on their collective experience and available data. The primary audience of this report comprises federal and state officials directly involved in land governance within the assessed states and in the other states.

This report comprises of a comprehensive assessment of the status of land governance in the state of Karnataka, by using the World Bank’s Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF) during 2013-1014. This report presents its findings. The assessment was taken up in nine distinct thematic areas of land governance as envisaged in the LGAF.

This report comprises of a comprehensive assessment of the status of land governance in the state of Jharkhand, by using the World Bank’s Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF) during 2013-1014. This report presents its findings. The assessment was taken up in nine distinct thematic areas of land governance as envisaged in the LGAF.

This report comprises of a comprehensive assessment of the status of land governance in the Indian state of West Bengal, by using the World Bank’s Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF) during 2013-1014. This report presents its findings. The assessment was taken up in nine distinct thematic areas of land governance as envisaged in the LGAF.