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Russia

Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Repeated devastating defeats of the Russian army in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the imperial household. The communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. After defeating Germany in World War II as part of an alliance with the US (1939-1945), the USSR expanded its territory and influence in Eastern Europe and emerged as a global power. The USSR was the principal adversary of the US during the Cold War (1947-1991). The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the decades following Stalin’s rule, until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 splintered the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent republics.

Following economic and political turmoil during President Boris YELTSIN's term (1991-99), Russia shifted toward a centralized authoritarian state under the leadership of President Vladimir PUTIN (2000-2008, 2012-present) in which the regime seeks to legitimize its rule through managed elections, populist appeals, a foreign policy focused on enhancing the country's geopolitical influence, and commodity-based economic growth. Russia faces a largely subdued rebel movement in Chechnya and some other surrounding regions, although violence still occurs throughout the North Caucasus.

Russia is a semi-presidential federation.

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Displaying 426 - 430 of 1046

Ministerial Decree No. 2 validating Regulation on coordination of land use planning documentation for the objects of cultural and historic heritage in urban areas with the authorized federal body for protection of objects of cultural and historic herit...

Regulations
Fédération de Russie
Europe orientale
Europe

This Ministerial Decree establishes the modalities of coordination with Federal Supervision Service over the Application of Legislation on Cultural Heritage of the general land use planning projects of settlements and city districts, projects of planning documentation elaborated for traditional (historic) settlements and land use planning regulations applicable to the objects of cultural heritage. Land use planning projects shall be subject to compulsory coordination with the aforesaid Federal Supervision Service before validation thereof by the local executive body.

Regional Law No. 1823-OZ amending Regional Law No. 1743-OZ “On regulation of land relations”.

Legislation
Fédération de Russie
Europe orientale
Europe

Article 4 shall be amended to add the following wording: “Regional Government shall be responsible for the establishment of land charges in case of increase of land area in private ownership as a result of re-distribution of such plot of land and also of public land pertaining to regional ownership, and plots of public land with undelimited ownership”.

Amends: Regional Law No. 1743-OZ “On regulation of land relations”. (2015-04-30)

Regional Law No. 1929-ZRK “On price of some plots of land located in urban areas and destined for agricultural production”.

Legislation
Fédération de Russie
Europe orientale
Europe

This Regional Law establishes that price of a plot of land located in urban areas and destined for agricultural production already allotted to peasant farm on condition of permanent (open-ended) possession or as lifelong hereditary possession in case of purchase thereof by the aforesaid categories of tenants shall be 15 percent of estimated cadastre value at the date of submittal of application.

Order No. 150 of the Ministry of Agriculture validating the Regulation on state registration of soil fertility indices of agricultural land.

Regulations
Fédération de Russie
Europe orientale
Europe

This Order establishes that state registration of soil fertility indices of agricultural land shall include data collection and processing soil, agrochemical, phytosanitary, ecological and toxicological analysis of agricultural land. The purpose of state registration of soil fertility indices of agricultural land shall be to provide state executive bodies, local self-government and natural and legal persons concerned with information on the state of soil fertility of agricultural land.

Order No. 318 of the Ministry of Economic Development validating the Regulation on Federal Service of State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography in relation to carrying out state inspection in the sphere state land control concerning legal persons an...

Regulations
Fédération de Russie
Europe orientale
Europe

This Order regards state land control of legal persons and individual entrepreneurs for compliance with the mandatory requirements of land legislation related to land protection and land management. Chief state land inspector shall have the authority to examine land offences and apply administrative sanctions, issue notifications of committed land offences and file claims related to land offences.