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Displaying 581 - 585 of 661multigradient algorithm using a mixture of experts architecture for land cover classification of multisensor images
An algorithm for supervised classification of multisensor images is proposed. The mixture of experts (ME) architecture with dynamic weight allocation is used for multiclass classification. Here the classification is treated as a maximum likelihood problem and the synaptic weights of the expert network and gating network are updated by a stochastic multigradient approach. Data from an optical sensor with four bands and a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image of the same scene has been fused and classified.
Fraction images for monitoring intra-annual phenology of different vegetation physiognomies in Amazonia
In this study we investigate the potential of fraction images derived from a linear spectral mixture model to detect vegetation phenology in Amazonia, and evaluate their relationships with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) vegetation indices. Time series of MODIS 250-m data over three contrasting land cover types in the Amazon were used in conjunction with rainfall data, a land cover map and a forest inventory survey to support the interpretation of our findings.
Characterizing the error distribution of lidar elevation data for North Carolina
Spatial data quality is a paramount concern in all geographical information systems (GIS) applications. Existing standards and guidelines for spatial data commonly assume the positional error is normally distributed. While non-normal behaviour of the error in digital elevation data has been observed in previous research, current guidelines for digital elevation data still assume that the errors for observations in open terrain are normally distributed.
Impacts of agricultural land management on soil quality after 24 years: a case study in Zhangjiagang County, China
Agricultural soil quality is drastically affected in modern societies by human activities. This paper evaluates the anthropogenic influence on agricultural soil quality variation in Zhangjiagang County, China from 1980 to 2004 based on indicator selection and standard scoring function (SSF). The results indicated that after 24 years of anthropogenic influence, soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and available phosphorus (av-P) increased significantly and total phosphorus (TP) and available potassium (av-K) decreased slightly.
Food Security and Fossil Energy Dependence: An International Comparison of the Use of Fossil Energy in Agriculture (1991-2003)
The serious food crisis in 2007 has reinstated the issue of food security. In particular, it evokes an old set of questions associated with the sustainability of an adequate food supply: are we facing a systemic shortage of arable land for food production? How serious is the oil dependence of food security in relation to peak oil (the point in time when the maximum rate of global oil extraction is reached)? To answer these questions one has to study the role of technical inputs in agricultural production, especially those inputs generated from fossil energy (how much fossil energy is used?