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This paper summarizes the regional situation of Henan Province of China, and introduces the principle of ecological footprint mode, as well as computing formulas of ecological footprint and ecological capacity. According to the related data of Henan Province from 1998 to 2007, this paper firstly calculates the per capita ecological footprint and per capita ecological capacity of Henan Province. Result indicates that cultivated land in Henan Province shows ecological surplus with sustainable land use. And ecological surplus has increased since the year 2003. Secondly, dynamic analysis of ecological footprint of arable land is carried out in Henan Province. Thirdly, this paper also studies on the per capita ecological demand and supply in 18 districts and cities of Henan Province in 2007. And cultivated land in these areas is sustainable. Zhumadian City has the highest ecological surplus and per capita ecological capacity, and Nanyang City has the highest per capita ecological footprint. Based on this, this paper puts forward five proposals on ensuring the increase of grain yield.
