This paper empirically explores the political-economic determinants of why governments choose to tax or subsidize trade in agriculture. The authors use a new data set on nominal rates of assistance (NRA) across a number of commodities spanning the last five decades for 64 countries.
Monetary instruments to regulate parking are often used in central areas of cities to discourage long term parking of vehicles. The availability of parking facilities, and its cost, in fact represents an important element in the decision to operate private vehicles in urban areas.
Construites à partir des années 1960 sous l’impulsion du Schéma directeur d’Aménagement et d’Urbanisme de 1965, cinq villes nouvelles ont vu le jour en région parisienne. Leur aménagement laisse entrevoir une volonté de répondre à des besoins urbains identifiés, se conjuguant parfois avec l’offre d’espaces, de services ou d’équipements envisagés alors comme novateurs.
This paper presents the results of a study on property rights in land and biodiversity resources in the Acholi Sub-region. The objective of the study was to map out the changes that have taken place in the sub-region since the dawn of colonialism and how these changes have impacted on the contemporary property rights structure in land and biodiversity resources in the sub-region.
This chapter begins with a brief summary of the long history of national distortions to agricultural markets. It then outlines the methodology used to generate annual indicators of the extent of government interventions in markets, details of which are provided in Anderson and appendix A.
Burma's second city looks back on 150 years of rich history...
"HISTORY has greatly altered the face of Mandalay - and in this anniversary year, 150 years after its founding, Burma's second city is again undergoing radical change.
Ruled for many early years by Britain, Mandalay is now falling under the influence of a new wave of outsiders - "the Chinese.
China's progress in poverty reduction over the last 25 years is enviable. One cannot fail to be impressed by what this vast nation of 1.3 billion people has achieved in so little time. In terms of a wide range of indicators, the progress has been remarkable. Poverty in terms of income and consumption has been dramatically reduced.
Local and Community Driven Development (LCDD) is an approach that gives control of development decisions and resources to community groups and representative local governments. Poor communities receive funds, decide on their use, plan and execute the chosen local projects, and monitor the provision of services that result from it.
Le présent arrêté crée un Comité Interministériel d’Aménagement du Territoire (CIAT) présidé par le Premier Ministre ou son délégué.Le Comité Interministériel d'Aménagement du Territoire (CIAT) est chargé de définir la politique du gouvernement en matière d’Aménagement du Territoire, de Protection et de Gestion des bassins-versants de Gestion de l 'Eau, de l’Assainissement, de l'Urbanisme et de
La expansión acelerada de las áreas urbanas no es algo nuevo para las ciudades latinoamericanas. Sin embargo, es sólo ahora que las profundas implicaciones sociales, ecológicas y económicas de la dispersión urbana empiezan a convertirse en una preocupación fundamental de las grandes aglomeraciones del continente.
In comparison to other African countries, Ethiopia has a low urbanization rate. According to the World Bank World Development Report (WDR) 2009, Sub-Sahara Africa is 30% urbanized, whereas Ethiopia is only 10.9% urbanized.
This paper examines determinants and consequences of migration from urban slums using panel data from two Nairobi slums. We analyze migration behavior of both adults and children.