In Kenya and the sub-Saharan Africa generally, there have been little systematic discussions
on the post-colonial struggles over control and ownership of land. Studies ignore that the "land
question" is not about production alone and consequently have failed to assess its wider
consequences on the society. This raises the question, "what is the current socio-political
dimension to the land question and what is the consequence of their interplay with other
changes underway in the country?"

Two seasons of archaeological site reconnaissance and geo-archaeological fieldwork in the Kipsing and Tol river valleys of central Kenya have resulted in (1) the location of 58 surface sites and 13 spot finds and (2) the excavation and dating of 11 alluvial stratigraphic profiles. These data are incorporated with our previous work in the study area to yield a preliminary interpretation of Middle and Later Stone Age tool technologies and land-use strategies during the Late Pleistocene period there.

For a long time, trypanosomosis, spread by the tsetse fly Glossina, constrained human settlement in the Lambwe Valley, a south-western Kenya rangeland. After lengthy efforts to control tsetse over many years, the valley is currently experiencing an increase in human population growth rate, and rapid changes in land-use and cover are taking place.

At least 20 percent of the Somalian population are refugees, many from Ethiopia. The Refugee Adult Education Unit has a preliteracy phase, offering health and agricultural instruction; a basic literacy phase, teaching reading and writing; and a postliteracy/continuing education phase, enabling skill retention and reinforcement. (SK)

Cenchrus ciliaris L. (African foxtail grass) and Eragrostis superba Peyr. (Maasai lovegrass) grass
species that are native to the rangelands have been promoted for rehabilitation of degraded areas
and improve forage production. A major challenge to successful reseeding of the rangelands has
been lack of certified seeds of these species in the formal seed systems except through collections
from the wild. The main objective of the study was to contribute to improved livestock production

Field work for this study was conducted between the months of November 1989 and February 1990. Its purpose was to establish the direction and magnitude of change that had occurred among the resettled farmers, socially and economically.To achieve that goal, it became necessary to document and analyze the socio-economic changes among the settlers in the scheme. The demonstration model was the theoretical orientation that was used to guide and inform this study.

Foot
-
and
-
mouth disease remains a serious endemic disease in Kenya causing extensive production
losses in
the dairy industry.
I
n
order to
understand
the
foot
-
and
-
mouth disease (FMD)
situation
in Kenya and related
risk factors
in
high risk zones that include;
the
trade and stock routes,
national parks and game reserves, proposed disease free zones and borderlan
ds;
a
cross sectional
sero
-
survey

Nitrogen (N) fixation was estimated for three Acacia senegal (L.) (A. senegal) Willd. varieties (A. senegal var. senegal, kerensis, and leiorhachis) growing naturally in different sites in the dryland areas of Kenya. The quantities of N2 fixed were estimated by the 15N natural abundance method, using leaves as the sampling material. Balanites aegyptiaca (B. aegyptiaca) was selected as the reference species growing in the same area. Soil samples were also collected under A. senegal trees for nodule assessment. Leaf 15N natural abundance values (δ15N) were significantly different between A.

In the past mines were abandoned after mining activities leaving undesired effects on the landscape and water sources. Numerous accidents occur in quarries across Kenya leading to deaths of 30 people annually. Mining is an activity presenting a plethora of environmental, social and economic problems thus using abandoned quarries as sites for new construction is a useful form of reclamation, one that has occurred throughout history.