The distribution of Trichoderma species in soils of Embu region in relation to land use practices was investigated. The study area was chosen because of its significant land use intensification. Soil washing and dilution plate techniques were used to recover Trichoderma spp from soil samples. The fungal isolates were identified and assigned to eight species. Greater populations as well as a wider range of species were obtained in soils collected from the natural forests while coffee farms were the poorest ones. Land use affected the distribution of Trichoderma.

This chapter reviews relevant Vertisol properties, experimental results and the overall experience of the project on this subject. There are several types of drainage problems in Vertisols whose magnitude may vary from site to site. Drainage improvement is discussed in relation with camber beds, broadbeds and furrows, field depressions, perched watertable, open ditches, height of beds, soil erosion and supplemental irrigation. The need for water shed development projects is also examined.

Between 1992 and 1997, about 2400 ha of old growth dipterocarp forest in southeastern Sabah was logged to reduced-impact logging (RIL) guidelines as part of a pilot carbon offset project. Harvesting planning, vine cutting, directional felling and skidding restrictions contributed to a reduction in stand damage from 50% to 28% of the original stems; damage to soil was reduced from 13% to 9% of total area in RIL relative to conventional logging areas.

The CD contains six publications: 1. Silvicultura en la Amazonia Peruana. Diagnostico de experiencias en la region Ucayali y la provincia de Puerto Inca 2. Planes de manejo en concesiones forestales con fines maderables: lineamientos para su elaboracion y formatos de presentacion 3. Manual para la planificacion y evaluacion del manejo forestal operacional en bosques de la Amazonia peruana 4. Manual practico para operadores forestales 5. Memorias del I Taller de Capacitacion, Monitoreo e Invetigacion para Promover el Manejo Forestal en la Amazonia peruana 6.

Large scale, catastrophic fires have become a significant and visible part of the tropical forest landscape in the past two decades with increased commercial exploitation of forests, forest conversion and increased population pressure. Secondary forests are an increasingly prominent feature of tropical landscapes and fires play a significant role in both the creation and destruction of these forests. In the past two decades large scale forest fires have become more frequent in the moist tropics.

While this study was originally conducted to gather baseline data on the general activities, issues, and concerns of women in the Upper East Region in northern Ghana, the initial data collection led to the discovery that women in the Upper East Region are organized, either by their own accord or through the recommendation of local governing bodies, in social groupings that fulfill specific needs such as access to credit, access to agricultural inputs, and access to reciprocal labor and support.

The study was conducted in three watersheds (Dapo, Meja and Mizewa) in the Ethiopian part of the Blue Nile Basin to estimate the on-site cost of soil erosion using the productivity change approach, in which crop yield reduction due to plant nutrients lost with the sediment and runoff has been analysed. For this purpose, runoff measurement and sampling was conducted during the main rainy season of 2011 at the outlet of two to three sub-watersheds in each watershed. The sediment concentration of the runoff, and N and P contents in runoff and sediment were determined.

Le Cameroun a adopté une nouvelle loi des forêt en 1994 qui mettait l’accent sur le secteur forestier industriel, à grande échelle, et orienté vers l’exportation, tout en négligeant le bois produit avec des opérations d’échelle plus petite, pour le marché intérieur. Ce bois n’est pas enregistrée dans les statistiques officielles et il est principalement produit sans titre valide d’exploitation.

La République du Congo a adopté une loi forestière en 2000 qui met l’accent sur le secteur forestier industriel à grande échelle orienté vers l’exportation. Le bois d’oeuvre tiré d’une exploitation à plus petite échelle et tourné vers le marché intérieur a été négligé. Ce bois n’est pas enregistré dans les statistiques officielles et il est essentiellement produit sans titre valide. Or le Congo a paraphé en 2009 puis signé en 2010 l’Accord de partenariat volontaire (APV) avec la Commission européenne qui l’engage à assurer la légalité de toute la production nationale de bois d’ici à 2013.