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Displaying 985 - 996 of 1593

Rights-based freshwater governance for the twenty-first century: beyond an exclusionary focus on domestic water uses

Journal Articles & Books
Décembre, 2016

The UN recognition of a human right to water for drinking, personal and other domestic uses and sanitation in 2010 was a political breakthrough in states’ commitments to adopt a human rights framework in carrying out part of their mandate. This chapter explores other domains of freshwater governance in which human rights frameworks provide a robust and widely accepted set of normative values to such governance. The basis is General Comment No.

Rwanda Dairy Competitiveness Program II: Efficiency gains in dairy production systems decrease GHG emission intensity

Policy Papers & Briefs
Novembre, 2016
Rwanda
Afrique
Afrique sub-saharienne

? The Rwanda Dairy Competitiveness Program II

(RDCP) was estimated to have resulted in a

strong decrease in the GHG emissions intensity

of milk production, defined as the GHG

emissions per unit (liter) of milk produced.

Extensive cattle production systems reduced

their GHG emission intensity by an estimated -

4.11 tCO2e per 1000 l of milk (-60%), while

intensive production systems reduced their

intensity by an estimated -1.7 tCO2e/1000 l (-

47%). The decrease in GHG emission intensity

Scaling up climate services for farmers: Mission Possible. Learning from good practice in Africa and South Asia

Reports & Research
Septembre, 2014
Inde
Mali
Afrique
Asie
Asie méridionale
Afrique occidentale

This report presents lessons learned from 18 case studies across Africa and South Asia that have developed and delivered weather and climate information and related advisory services for smallholder farmers. The case studies and resulting lessons provide insights on what will be needed to build effective national systems for the production, delivery, communication and evaluation of operational climate services for smallholder farmers across the developing world.

Scaling up Sustainable Agriculture Land Management in Bungoma County, Kenya

Policy Papers & Briefs
Février, 2015
Kenya
Afrique
Afrique orientale

Agricultural landscapes must provide food, fiber and energy to

a growing population in a changing climate, while potentially

serving as instruments for climate change mitigation. Agriculture

is the backbone of the Kenyan economy, contributing approximately

25% of the GDP annually and employing more than 75%

of the population (The Government of Kenya 2010). The development

of agriculture is also important for poverty reduction since

most of the vulnerable groups, like pastoralists, the landless, and

Seed systems of rice and finger millet in Nepal, between formality and informality

Décembre, 2016
Népal

In Nepal, more than 90% of cereal seed flows from informal systems and there are regions and groups of farmers that are not connected at all to any seed networks with external seed supply. Nepal's agricultural policies and formal institutions are promoting the development of the formal seed system. However, knowledge gaps exist on the opportunities and challenges for smallholder farmers when formal seed systems are becoming accessible.

Shallow wells, the untapped resource with a potential to improve agriculture and food security in southern Mali

Journal Articles & Books
Avril, 2016
Mali
Afrique
Afrique occidentale

Background

Excessive rainwater during the rainy season and lack of water in the dry season have been challenging the agricultural productivity and food security for rural communities in southern Mali. Various soil and water conservation practices were implemented in the past to improve crop yields and income, and reverse the effect of land degradation. However, none of these efforts looked into the potential use of shallow wells at a spatial scale to improve the agricultural productivity and hence the food security in the region.

Results

Smallholder access to quality and diverse seed in Uganda: implications for food security

Policy Papers & Briefs
Décembre, 2016
Ouganda
Afrique

This policy briefs presents smallholder farmers' preferences and major challenges when accessing seed in Uganda. It reflects on the weaknesses of the formal and informal seed production and distribution systems and presents some practical recommendations for putting in place alternative and integrative seed quality control systems that can help fill in the gaps that the formal and informal systems cannot address separately.

Smallholder farmers’ attitudes and determinants of adaptation to climate risks in East Africa

Journal Articles & Books
Mars, 2017
Éthiopie
Kenya
Tanzania
Ouganda
Afrique
Afrique orientale

Adapting to climate risks is central to the goal of increasing food security and enhancing resilience of farming systems in East Africa. We examined farmers’ attitudes and assessed determinants of adaptation using data from a random sample of 500 households in Borana, Ethiopia, Nyando, Kenya, Hoima Uganda, and Lushoto, Tanzania. Adaptation was measured using a livelihood-based index that assigned weights to different individual strategies based on their marginal contributions to a household’s livelihood.

Strengthening Soil Databases for Climate Change and Food Security Modeling Applications

Reports & Research
Janvier, 2014

Climate change is a hazard to the food security of a growing world population since it affects agriculture and likewise, agriculture and natural resource management affect the climate system. The relationships between all these factors including polices, political conditions, economical management and pest and diseases, and how they interact are not currently well-understood, nor are the advantages and disadvantages of different responses to climate change.

Summary of household baseline survey results: Lushoto, Tanzania

Reports & Research
Décembre, 2011
Tanzania
Afrique
Afrique orientale

This report summarizes the results of a baseline household-­?level survey, led by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), carried out in 7 villages and 140 households in Lushoto, Tanzania in January 2011. The objective of this baseline effort was to describe the characteristics of the farming systems found across a wide range of research sites in 12 countries, including the Lushoto site, and to better understand what kinds of farming practice changes households have been making and why.