Urbanization processes are some of the key drivers of spatial changes which shape and influence land use and land cover. The aim of sustainable land use policies is to preserve and manage existing resources for present and future generations. Increasing access to information about land use and land cover has led to the emergence of new sources of data and various classification systems for evaluating land use and spatial changes.

At present, the ecological environment and resources of the global coastal zones are facing great pressures. Climate change leads to sea level rise, environmental change, stressful population increases and changes in demographics, all of which affect existing coastal management systems. Therefore, all coastal countries begin to increasingly attach importance to the integrated management of coastal zones. How to better adapt to current changes in global coastal zones is a question that every coastal country should think about.

Landscapes are increasingly being managed to meet multiple objectives and balance social, economic, and environmental goals. The Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture in the Yunnan faulted Basin represent examples of areas with a range of concerns, including balancing farming with poverty alleviation, economic development, and ecological protection. Here, we set out four future land-use scenarios to quantify and map the values of key evidence-based, policy-relevant ecosystem services in three typical counties in this area.