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Considering the threedimensional process of sustainability physical economical and social the aim of conservation for making historic urban environment sustainable should be matched with these dimensions Therefore earlier conservation policies have progressed from a simple and restrictive concern with preservation to an increased concern for revitalization and enhancement This means a physical revitalization may be shortlived and unsustained Within the process of revitalization historic environments become the main locations of gentrification induced by urban revitalization which may involve social cost Accordingly this paper develops theoretical concepts on sustainability in historic urban environment with a particular emphasis on a social issue in terms of gentrification Also with the result derived from theoretical parts concludes that social changes through gentrification contribute to sustaining the historic environments