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This document presents a framework for identifying and asserting tenure and human rights associated with forests and land use in the context of climate change policies and measures. It argues that clearly defined land rights can help identify which actors are necessary to address drivers of deforestation and can determine shares in benefits from reduced deforestation. Local resource management may even improve forest outcomes. This brief aims to assist in the identification of rights relevant to REDD+ implementation and how those rights can be applied or supported to strengthen the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of REDD+ activities. After introducing key concepts and legal and policy benchmarks, this brief outlines the technical elements of rights associated with REDD+, as well as options for and examples of asserting these rights. The final section lists a number of tools and resources available for additional information.