Despite differences in pace and sequencing of adjustment programmes, economic liberalization has had far-reaching effects on the structure and the relative importance of actors involved in the supply and distribution of food in most African cities. Market reforms called for significant changes in the role of public and private sector agencies in food supply and distribution.

The livelihood of urban communities depends on the wide range of goods and services provided by natural ecosystems in and around cities. The UPF approach can significantly contribute to the quality of the urban environment and provide a wide range of benefits including watershed management and disaster risk prevention, climate change adaptation and mitigation, air quality improvement, human health benefits, food and fuel supply, jobs and income generation and biodiversity conservation.

In this issue, we discuss the Global Bioenergy Partnership and the important work it is undertaking - in collaboration with governments and international organizations - to establish sustainability indicators for bioenergy projects. We also report on the Food for the Cities Initiative, an integrative approach to coordinating FAO's activities in urban and peri-urban areas and sharing best practices with other international and civil society organizations. Finally, we introduce the new water report: Climate change, water and food security.

The MISP II aims at initiating a process of sustainable income generation for vulnerable households in Erbil and Sulaymaniyah Governorates of KRG through increased employment and self-employment of household members (beneficiaries). The vehicle for this desired development is technical and business management training of selected beneficiaries undertaken by a number of project trained trainers (TOTs) and a toolkit programme supporting the trainees (TOBs) in performing their acquired skills as employed or self-employed.

Revista internacional de silvicultura e industrias forestales

Urbanization is one of the key drivers of change in the world today. The world‟s urban population currently stands at around 3.5 billion. It will almost double to more than 6 billion by 2050. This is a challenge not only for urban areas but also for rural areas, because many people, especially the young, will migrate from rural areas to urban areas over this period. When addressing urbanization challenges, we are also addressing, directly or indirectly, rural and territorial development. What do we have to do to ensure people‟s access to good nutrition in cities?

Land Tenure Working Paper 19. The present paper is written as part of the overall Voluntary Guidelines consultation and development process and is a contribution to the subsequent preparation of the Gender Technical Guide. It contextualises and defines gender for the Voluntary Guidelines, discusses what governance of tenure means from a gender perspective and identifies and analyses key issues and themes. It then summarises recommendations relevant to gender before drawing some conclusions for the development process of the Voluntary Guidelines.

Большие деревья в городе являются превосходными фильтрами для загрязняющих веществ и мелкодисперсных частиц. Дерево способно поглощать до 150 кг CO2 в год и связывать углерод, играя свою роль в смягчении последствий изменения климата. Деревья являются местом обитания растений и животных, обеспечивая их питанием и защитой, увеличивая городское биоразнообразие. Важно для будущих поколений посадить деревья сегодня!

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and several development partners are working together with countries to prepare Voluntary Guidelines that will provide practical guidance to states, civil society, the private sector, academic and research institutions, donors and development specialists on the responsible governance of tenure.