This study was conducted to characterize the traditional milk production and marketing system, and to identify constraints and opportunities for further development. It was conducted in Mieso District of Oromia Regional State, located 300 km east of Addis Ababa and at about 200 km east of Adama.

The Spanish law Real Decreto 1469/2007 about the regulations of quality of Iberian pig meat, establishes limitations to the carrying capacity of Iberian pig in the dehesa (open oak parkland) and forces to the regional governments to make a programs of evaluation of acorn production at the beginning of each campaign, that will have to be based on agronomical, environmental, and topographical cri

Pastoralists traditionally relied on herd mobility to cope with drought. In the pastoral areas of Kajiado,
Kenya this strategy is now threatened by increased individual land ownership as compared to
communal access. Drought frequency as related to El-Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is

Change in land management practices and governmental policies is urgently needed to reverse the continuing decline of marginal drylands. Marginal drylands are fragile ecosystems that sustain the livelihoods of millions of poor people in developing countries.

The world’s drylands are among the most vulnerable ecosystems on our planet. Desertification and land degradation are affecting huge land areas, jeopardizing the livelihoods of millions of people.

L’outil cartographique WOCAT-LADA-DESIRE est fondé sur le questionnaire original WOCAT sur la cartographie (WOCAT, 2007). Celui-ci a été développé de façon à accorder plus d’attention aux problèmes de dégradation biologique et de l’eau. Il met davantage l’accent sur les causes directes et socio-économiques de ces phénomènes incluant leurs impacts sur les fonctionnements des écosystèmes.

Метод картирования ВОКАТ-ЛАДА-ДЕЗИРЕ основывается на исходной анкете картирования ВОКАТ (WOCAT, 2007). Она был расширена чтобы уделить большее внимание таким вопросам как биологическая и водная деградация и придает большее значение непосредственным и социо-экономическим причинам этих феноменов включая их влияния на услуги эко-системы.

Abstract not available.

Livestock keeping in the Nile Basin contributes greatly to human security, income, culture and agricultural gross domestic product (GDP). Inappropriate livestock management uses excessive water and causes water and land degradation. Livestock-water interactions are complex, not well understood, and often ignored in agricultural water development.