This paper analyzes the effects of land
market restrictions on structural change from agriculture to
non-farm in a rural economy. This paper develops a
theoretical model that focuses on higher migration costs due
to restrictions on alienability, and identifies the
possibility of a reverse structural change where the share
of nonagricultural employment declines. The reverse
structural change can occur under plausible conditions: if

This report on the assessment of land
governance in Brazil summarizes and discusses the results of
a series of standardized self-assessments of the land
governance situation in Brazil, conducted entirely by
Brazilian speakers. Therefore, these findings represent the
perception of local experts based on their experience of
news and data available. The main aim of this report are
federal and state authorities directly involved in land

What are the socioeconomic impacts of
resource abundance? Are these effects different at the
national and local levels? How could resource booms benefit
(or harm) local communities? This paper reviews a vast
literature examining these questions, with an emphasis on
empirical works. First, the evidence and theoretical
arguments behind the so-called resource curse, and other
impacts at the country level, are reviewed. This

This paper investigates how land size
measurements vary across three common land measurement
methods (farmer estimated, Global Positioning System (GPS),
and compass and rope), and the effect of land size
measurement error on the inverse farm size relationship and
input demand functions. The analysis utilizes plot-level
data from the second wave of the Nigeria General Household
Survey Panel, as well as a supplementary land validation

This book seeks to critically examine the challenges of fragility and security in West Africa, along with the factors of resilience. It seeks to investigate key drivers of conflict and violence, and the way in which they impact the countries of the subregion. Along with emerging threats and challenges, these include the challenge of youth inclusion; migration; regional imbalances; extractives; the fragility of political institutions and managing the competition for power; security; and land.

In 1982, because there was increasing pressure on land resources in Thailand, the Department of Lands designed and implemented a 20 year Land Titling Program (LTP) to grant secure tenure to agricultural landholders. The success of the program has been due to a number of factors, including the clear vision for the project, the long-term plan to achieve this vision and the commitment of RTG and key stakeholders to project implementation. There was also a strong policy, legal and institutional framework for land administration in Thailand and a long history of land titling.

Financial regulation affects government
revenue whenever it imposes both the mandatory quantity and
price of government bonds. This paper studies a banking
regulation adopted by the National Bank of Ethiopia in April
2011, which forces all private banks to purchase a fixed
negative-yield government bond in proportion to private
sector lending. Having access to monthly bank balance
sheets, a survey of branch costs and public finances

The extractive industries (EI) sector occupies an outsize space in the economies of many developing countries. Economists, public finance professionals, and policy makers working in such countries are frequently confronted with issues that require an in-depth understanding of the sector. The objective of this volume is to provide a concise overview of EI-related topics these professionals are likely to encounter.

As countries increasingly strive to transform their economies from agriculture‐based into a diversified one, land rental will become of greater importance. It will thus be critical to complement research on the efficiency of specific land rental arrangements such as sharecropping with an inquiry into the broader productivity impacts of the land rental market. Plot‐level data for a matched landlord–tenant sample in an environment where sharecropping dominates allow us to explore both issues.

In absence of deposit insurance,
underdeveloped financial systems can exhibit a coordination
failure between banks, unable to commit on safe asset
holding, and depositors, anticipating low deposit repayment
in bad states. This paper shows conditions under which a
government can solve this failure by imposing safe asset
purchases, which boosts deposits by increasing depositor
repayment in bad states. In so doing, financial regulation

Over the past twenty years, Uganda’s
population density has been increasing rapidly, placing
significant pressure on the use of land. Uganda now has a
population density of 194 persons per square kilometer of
arable land, compared to 80 in Kenya and 116 in Ghana. At
present, the majority of Uganda’s population still lives in
rural areas, where the main source of livelihood is
agriculture. However, the proportion of the population

With the aim of promoting national food security, the Vietnamese government enforces the designation of around 35 per cent of agricultural land strictly for paddy rice cultivation. We investigate the economic effects of adjusting this policy, using an economy-wide model of Vietnam with detailed modelling of region-specific land use, agricultural activity, poverty and food security measures.