The urbanisation process in East Jerusalem has been described as a still process, in other words, a frozen or even rarely-developed process. This paper explores the Green and Open Landscape concept as one of the dominant factors described in the Jerusalem Master Plan. This factor is one that restrains urbanisation and hinders expansion of the Palestinian neighbourhoods in East Jerusalem. Both descriptive and comparative approaches were adopted to analyse and evaluate the historical development of green spaces and open landscape concepts in East Jerusalem.

The potential for agricultural soils to act as a sink and sequester carbon (C) or a source and emit carbon dioxide (CO₂) is largely dependent upon the agricultural management system. The establishment of permanent vegetation, such as trees and grass contour buffer strips, may cause accumulation of above- and below-ground C over time, thereby acting as a sink for tropospheric CO₂. However, the effects of contour grass strips and grass-tree strips (agroforestry) on soil CO₂ emissions have not been extensively studied in row-crop watersheds in the temperate regions.

The use of landholder typologies to assist in the development of natural resource management (NRM) policies and agricultural extension programs has increased considerably in the past decade. In this paper we explore the potential of developing a typology of graziers to more effectively tailor policies and programs with the aim of improving land management outcomes.

Human attitude to the land is the base for existence of humanity. It widely affects everybody– environment and landscape is changed, new buildings are constructed, new villages are developed in countryside. If such recensions aren’t planned it can cause serious problems in nearest future, considering limitedness and great significance of the land as unique resource. For correction of errors in land use immeasurable resources and decennaries are necessary. Tendencies in land use development and related problems concern to all people of Latvia, especially landowners.

Microbiological soil-quality indicators, especially related to C and N cycles, and microbial diversity may be useful tools to determine whether a particular environment responds to an imposed management or reclamation strategy. External influences such as forest clearance and soil management affect biological indicators making them useful to point out whether the land use strategy is sustainable.

Two species of flowering plant of Fuegian montane provenance have been discovered on Deception Island in the maritime Antarctic, 950 km south of South America. Four individuals of Nassauvia magellanica and one of Gamochaeta nivalis (both Asteraceae) are growing robustly and in close proximity of each other on dry ash and scoria soil near a ruined whaling station which, in recent years, has been frequently visited by large numbers of ship-borne tourists.