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2012 Global food policy report

Peer-reviewed publication
Décembre, 2013
Asie méridionale
Asie orientale
Afrique sub-saharienne
Amérique du Sud
Afrique
Amérique septentrionale
Brésil
Chine
Inde
États-Unis d'Amérique
Europe

This 2012 Global Food Policy Report is the second in an annual series that provides an in-depth look at major food policy developments and events. Initiated in response to resurgent interest in food security, the series offers a yearly overview of the food policy developments that have contributed to or hindered progress in food and nutrition security. It reviews what happened in food policy and why, examines key challenges and opportunities, shares new evidence and knowledge, and highlights emerging issues.

Managing conflicts over land and natural resources through collective action

Policy Papers & Briefs
Décembre, 2012
Afrique orientale
Afrique sub-saharienne
Afrique
Zambie

Seasonal changes and ambiguity in property rights over land and natural resources create conflicts in rural communities in eastern Zambia. This study describes how rural households have minimized such conflicts and protect the economic interests of the poor members of the community through collective agreements on how to manage access to land and natural resources. Specifically, this study describes and evaluates the formulation and implementation of bylaws governing the grazing of animals and the setting of bush fires.

Land, trees, and women

Policy Papers & Briefs
Décembre, 2001
Afrique occidentale
Asia du sud-est
Afrique
Asie
Indonésie
Ghana

This research report examines three questions that are central to IFPRI research: How do property-rights institutions affect efficiency and equity? How are resources allocated within households? Why does this matter from a policy perspective? As part of a larger multicountry study on property rights to land and trees, this study focuses on the evolution from customary land tenure with communal ownership toward individualized rights, and how this shift affects women and men differently.This study’s key contribution is its multilevel econometric analysis of efficiency and equity issues.

Gendered participation in water management: issues from water users' associations in South Asia

Peer-reviewed publication
Décembre, 2003

The devolution of natural resource management responsibility from the state to communities or local user groups has become a widespread trend that cuts across countries and resource sectors. Unlike claims to the contrary in policy narratives, devolution of control over resources from the state to local organizations does not necessarily lead to greater participation and empowerment of all stakeholders (Cleaver 1999).

Is PROGRESA working? Summary of the results of an evaluation by IFPRI

Peer-reviewed publication
Décembre, 2003

Mexico’s Programa Nacional de Educación, Salud y Alimentación (PROGRESA) is a major government program aimed at developing the human capital of poor households. Targeting its benefits directly to the population in extreme poverty in rural areas, it seeks to alleviate current poverty through monetary and in-kind benefits, as well as to reduce future levels of poverty by encouraging investments in education, health, and nutrition.

Women's land rights in the transition to individualized ownership

Policy Papers & Briefs
Décembre, 1998
Afrique sub-saharienne
Afrique
Ghana

Based on a survey of 60 villages in Western Ghana, where cocoa is the dominant crop, this study explores evolutionary changes in land tenure institutions on women's land rights and the efficiency of tree resource management....With increasing population pressure, customary land tenure institutions in Western Ghana have evolved toward individualized systems in order to provide appropriate incentives to invest in tree planting and management. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, individualization of land rights has strengthened women’s rights to land.

Bâtir sur les succès de l’agriculture Africaine

Journal Articles & Books
Décembre, 2010
Afrique

Les nouvelles sur l’état de l’agriculture en Afrique sont en grande partie décourageantes, mais on entrevoit des lueurs d'espoir. Quelques efforts stimulants réalisés par des agriculteurs et chercheurs africains au cours des dix dernières années ont sensiblement augmenté la productivité agricole dans certains pays et pour certains produits. Ces cas peuvent servir de modèles pour de futurs efforts, mais seulement si les responsables des politiques de développement et les professionnels comprennent les processus qui ont amené ces résultats, et les éléments clé de leur succès.

Individualization of land rights and gender-differentiated inheritance in matrilineal Sumatra

Policy Papers & Briefs
Décembre, 1998
Asia du sud-est
Asie
Indonésie

This paper examines the equity implications of the evolution of land rights from communal land tenure to individualization in customary land areas in Western Sumatra. This brief sets forth policy implications: Preference for sons in the inheritance of agroforestry area in the Low Region may be explained by the intensive use of male labor in rubber production; in contrast, both paddy cultivation and cinnamon cultivation in the Middle Region use both male and female family labor relatively equally.

Changes in intrahousehold labor allocation to environment goods collection: A case study from rural Nepal, 1982 and 1987

Peer-reviewed publication
Décembre, 2003
Asie
Asie méridionale
Népal

This study explores the impact of changes in environmental conditions on household labor allocation to the collection of environmental goods such as fuelwood and leaf fodder for a sample of rural Nepali hill households. Households in rural areas of most developing countries often rely heavily on the surrounding environment for goods such as water, wood, and livestock fodder. Frequently these and other environmental products are collected from local common forestland, a task that in many areas is predominantly carried out by women.

Women's land rights in the transition to individualized ownership: implications or tree resources in Western Ghana

Peer-reviewed publication
Décembre, 2003
Afrique
Afrique sub-saharienne
Afrique occidentale
Ghana

This study explores the impact of changes in land tenure institutions on women’s land rights and the efficiency of tree resource management in western Ghana, where cocoa is the dominant crop. Although communal land tenure aims to provide equitable access to land for all households, women’s land rights in the region are weaker than those of men, as is often the case under customary land tenure systems (Lastarria-Cornhiel 1997).

Collective action to secure property rights for the poor

Policy Papers & Briefs
Décembre, 2008
Asia du sud-est
Indonésie

This study presents an approach to analyzing decentralized forestry and natural resource management and land property rights issues, and catalyzing collective action among villages and district governments. It focuses on understanding the current policies governing local people's access to property rights and decision making processes, and learning how collective action among community groups and interaction among stakeholders can enhance local people's rights over lands, resources, and policy processes for development.

Commercial vegetable and polyculture fish production in Bangladesh: Impacts on income, food consumption, and nutrition

Peer-reviewed publication
Décembre, 2003
Asie
Asie méridionale
Bangladesh

In rural areas of Bangladesh, poverty is pervasive and associated with high rates of malnutrition, especially among preschool children and women. Apart from low levels of energy intakes, it is increasingly recognized that rice-dominated diets such as those consumed by most poor in the countryside may not supply all micronutrients required for a healthy life and productive activities. Children and women are particularly vulnerable to these micronutrient deficiencies because they face relatively higher requirements for growth and reproduction.