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This work analyzes the importance of land management in Slovakia in a typically rural mountain country. It points out the importance of social function implemented in a region, especially during the economic crisis. The multiple analysis of variance (ANOVA) test confirmed the relationships between the share of agricultural and forest land and the number of people in material need who depend on state aid. The reduction of agricultural production and raw wood processing causes social dependence of population in areas (administrative regions) with a higher share of agricultural and forest land. This work stresses the role of agriculture in agriculturally important regions of Slovakia where the performance reduction in this sector causes reduction of social standards.