A comparison of pre-Treaty and post-Treaty land title and authority for First Nations pursuing carbon offsets in British Columbia will be filtered through three themes: property rights, shared decision-making and forest governance. The Indian Act (1876) has unclear jurisdiction for pursuing carbon offsets. The Haida Reconciliation Protocol-Kunst’aa guu-Kunst’aayah (2009), Coastal First Nations Reconciliation Protocol (2010) and Nanwakolas First Nations Reconciliation Protocol (2011) address this grey area and achieve protocols that provide certainty for carbon rights.

This paper examines the importance of property rights in women’s empowerment in rural India. Arguments justifying the need for granting property rights to women are presented and the distinction is made between legal (formal) and customary (informal) rights. The ineffectiveness of legal right in absence of customary rights has been discussed. Customary rights also become ineffective due to other institutional impediments. These impediments have been discussed.

The efficiency and equity effects of economic policies affecting the quarter of Australians who live in rural and regional Australia (RARA) are reviewed. For the most part it is argued that economy‐wide policies, rather than region or industry specific policies, are appropriate. Progressive income taxation, means‐tested social security payments and government funded education, health and other services directly and efficiently redistribute to support equity.

Natural resource degradation and water scarcity are a global concern, which typically threatens the sustainability of smallholder farmers' livelihoods in semi-arid developing areas. As part of research efforts, a number of water-conservation technologies (WCT) have been developed, yet with low adoption rates in smallholder farming environments. This paper discusses the concepts of adoption and innovation, comparing the perspectives of research operators to the ones of smallholder farmers. Discrepancies are highlighted and ultimately explain low uptake of technologies by farmer.

This paper examines claims and conflicts in the management of the Abijata-Shalla Lakes National Park in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. We used data from households, key informants (elders, park managers), and focus group discussions. Poor wildlife policy resulting in space competition between wildlife and humans (other forms of land use), limited means of revenue generation for insiders and centralized benefits from tourism have accumulated grievance and then conflict between national park authority and local communities.

This study investigates the impact of poverty, social capital and land tenure on theadoption of soil fertility management (SFM) and conservation technologies inUganda. Considering four land management technologies (fallowing, terracing andinorganic and organic fertilizers), the study estimates a multinomial logit model tolink farmers’ characteristics to the choice of technologies.

This paper studies the willingness to pay (WTP) for forest property rights in Viet Nam. We do so by asking respondents to estimate the value of two different forest property rights regimes where only the level of property security differs and all other forest plot characteristics are constant. We use this information to identify the value of the property rights security.

In a widely read paper, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, World Bank and others propose systematic property rights formalization as a key step in addressing the problems of irresponsible agricultural investment. This paper examines the case of Cambodia, one of a number of countries where systematic land titling and large-scale land concessions have proceeded in parallel in recent years.

Land consolidation (LC) can be described as the rearrangement of land areas according to developing agricultural technology. Land reallocation is the most important phase of LC. The reallocation process is a legal obligation in Turkey which takes into account landowners’ preferences. First, the planner determines these preferences at interview. These interviews should be performed very carefully, because they are a tool for rearranging property rights. In this study, preferences for reallocation process were determined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).

There are many different images of the livestock industry and many persons are unhappy with the outcome of the market process. Instead of explaining why the market leads to the current outcomes, it is wise to be prepared that politics will rearrange the property rights in order to produce different outcomes of the market mechanism. In this essay, I show that there are market processes that contribute to a more sustainable way of farming, and that these processes can be reinforced. There are also unsustainable public policies that can be liberalized.