Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Repeated devastating defeats of the Russian army in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the imperial household. The communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. After defeating Germany in World War II as part of an alliance with the US (1939-1945), the USSR expanded its territory and influence in Eastern Europe and emerged as a global power. The USSR was the principal adversary of the US during the Cold War (1947-1991). The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the decades following Stalin’s rule, until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 splintered the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent republics.
Following economic and political turmoil during President Boris YELTSIN's term (1991-99), Russia shifted toward a centralized authoritarian state under the leadership of President Vladimir PUTIN (2000-2008, 2012-present) in which the regime seeks to legitimize its rule through managed elections, populist appeals, a foreign policy focused on enhancing the country's geopolitical influence, and commodity-based economic growth. Russia faces a largely subdued rebel movement in Chechnya and some other surrounding regions, although violence still occurs throughout the North Caucasus.
Russia is a semi-presidential federation.
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Displaying 981 - 985 of 1046Order No. 39 of the Ministry of Economic Development validating the Instruction on cadastre valuation of urban land.
This Order establishes that the purpose of the Instruction shall be to establish cadastre value of different categories of urban land. Calculation of cadastre value shall be carried out in the following manner: (a) determination of criteria for land valuation; (b) data collection; (c) classification of the urban land by categories; (d) access to market information of market value of land; and (e) statistical formula development; and (f) calculation of land value.
Ministerial Decree No. 710 amending Ministerial Decree No. 219 regarding validation of the Regulation on keeping Common state register of immovable property and its transactions.
Item 39 shall be supplemented with the following wording: “In the process of state registration of land share of agricultural land calculation thereof can be done in hectares.” Item 61 shall be supplemented with a new paragraph specifying that in case of expropriation of land for public or municipal needs personal identification data of the owner of the plot of land and the beneficiary of expropriated land, Russian Federation, regional authority or municipal unit must be declared.
Ministerial Decree No. 689 on state land control.
This Ministerial Decree establishes the modalities of state land control carried out by the Federal Agency of Immovable Property, Federal Supervision Service on Nature Management and by Federal Veterinary and Phytosanitary Supervision Service. The purpose of state land control shall be the enforcement of land legislation and requirements on soil conservation and land tenancy.
Ministerial Decree No. 404 regarding registration of land ownership rights.
This Ministerial Decree validates the list of documentation requested for registration of land ownership rights: (a) application; (b) land ownership or land tenancy certificate; (c) map of the plot of land; and (d) other documents in cases envisaged by the Federal legislation.
Order No. 146 of the Federal Registration Service validating the form of the abstract of record from the real estate register certifying the right to a plot of land.
Abstract of record from the real estate register certifying the right to a plot of land specifies land category of the plot of land, the type of right, purposeful use of land, land area and cadastre number. The abstract shall be applicable to agricultural land allotted for subsidiary small-holding.
Implements: Federal Law No. 122-FZ on state registration of immovable property and its transactions. (1997-07-21)