Les villes tirent profit de la prospérité de l'agriculture

La relation entre la ville et les zones rurales s'est radicalement transformée au cours des dernières années. Une délimitation franche n'est plus guère possible aujourd'hui et c'est le continuum des zones à vocation agricole, des banlieues, des zones d'habitat spontané et des centres urbains qui modèle le paysage. Mais les pays et la coopération au développement disposent-ils des instruments nécessaires pour promouvoir un développement dynamique et équilibré entre la ville et le milieu rural et pour entrouvrir des perspectives aux populations qui y vivent ?

L'urbanisation et la transformation économique, c'est-àdire la croissance des secteurs non agricoles, industriels et tertiaires, offrent de nombreuses possibilités d'améliorer les conditions d'existence des pauvres. Le défi essentiel consiste à s'assurer que la population bénéficie plus d'un milieu offrant un cadre favorable à l'évolution des moyens de subsistance et des systèmes économiques. Mais trop souvent, on constate une incapacité à reconnaître et gérer la transition urbaine, ce qui se traduit par une urbanisation permanente de la pauvreté, de la vulnérabilité et de l'exclusion.

This case study draws on an analysis of urban land markets in the East African region. The research was undertaken by Paul Syagga, School of the Built Environment, University of Nairobi, and commissioned by Urban LandMark. Some learning and reflection activities based on the case study are provided. The next part of the document presents examples of how people access, trade and hold land in various East African cities. The final component of this document includes a summary of the key issues covered in the case study and recommendations arising from it.

This Handbook introduces key economic and related concepts explaining the functioning of urban land markets. You will find in this Handbook tools for engaging in a critical analysis of conventional economics, particularly in the understanding of how African urban land markets work. Of great importance is the understanding of how land use, supply and demand unfold in African context. It provides a basis for strengthening urban policy in ways that enable poorer people in African cities to access well-located living and work spaces.

Esta publicação representa a continuidade do trabalho iniciado por Magda Zanoni, no Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário (MDA), no sentido de discutir os riscos das plantas transgênicas para a saúde e o meio ambiente. Em sua atuação no MDA e como representante do Ministério na CTNBio, Magda dedicou esforços para chamar a atenção à importância desse debate.

This paper presents the application of the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) to forest-poverty linkages and the analysis of the main issues that are raised for the Forestry Outlook study. The LSP Sub-programme on access to natural resources initially intended to begin its work in support of the FOWECA project with a regional desk study. However, with Forest - poverty linkages in West and Central Asia 2 sparse literature available, a decision was made to focus the initial work on Kyrgyzstan given the experience of the Collaborative Forest Management (LSP Working Paper 13).

Food systems are being transformed at an unprecedented rate as a result of global economic and social change. Urbanization, foreign direct investment in markets of developing countries and increasing incomes are prime facilitators for the observed changes, while social changes, such as the increased number of women in the workforce and rural to urban migration, provide added stimulus.

En este número nos proponemos estudiar la Asociación Mundial de la Bioenergía y la importante labor llevada a cabo por esta entidad en colaboración con gobiernos y organizaciones internacionales para establecer unos indicadores de sostenibilidad destinados a los proyectos bioenergéticos. También informaremos sobre «Alimentos para las ciudades», una iniciativa integrativa orientada a coordinar las actividades de la FAO en zonas urbanas y periurbanas, y a compartir con otras organizaciones internacionales y de la sociedad civil las mejores prácticas realizadas en este ámbito.

In this issue, we discuss the Global Bioenergy Partnership and the important work it is undertaking - in collaboration with governments and international organizations - to establish sustainability indicators for bioenergy projects. We also report on the Food for the Cities Initiative, an integrative approach to coordinating FAO's activities in urban and peri-urban areas and sharing best practices with other international and civil society organizations. Finally, we introduce the new water report: Climate change, water and food security.

Methods for the collection and analysis of wood product data in Niger are discussed in this country report. It is organised in two main sections: The country's wooden resources and their potential uses and the analysis of past, present and future trends with their respective subsections. A conclusion is given demonstrating the effects of wood fuel use at the economic, social and environmental levels.

Dans ce numéro, nous examinerons le Partenariat mondial sur les bioénergies et le travail important qu’il a entrepris – en collaboration avec les gouvernements et les institutions internationales – pour formuler des indicateurs de durabilité pour les projets de bioénergie. Nous nous intéresserons aussi à l’Initiative ‘Aliments pour les villes’, une approche intégratrice pour coordonner les activités de la FAO dans les zones urbaines et périurbaines et pour partager les bonnes pratiques avec d’autres organisations internationales et de la société civile.